Published in ocean energy recovery, pp 152181, asce 1992 1 vega 7. In this paper, a regionally disaggregated global energy system model with a detailed treatment of the electricity supply sector is used to examine the competitiveness of otec technologies for each of 48 world regions over the period to 2050. Heat extraction from coldwater sink to condense the working fluid in the condenser. The ocean thermal extractable energy visualization oteev project. Ocean thermal energy conversion is a technology that converts thermal energy into electricity. Summary consideration is given to the possibility of ocean thermal energy conversion otec by the deliberate salinization of surface. Tropical and subtropical regions where the water temperature at the ocean surface is relatively high are best suited for its use. Assessment of ocean thermal energy conversion tethys. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec technolo gy has been proposed as a solu %ion for clean, renewable alterna %ive energy. Energy and exergy analyses are reported of hydrogen production via an ocean thermal energy conversion otec system coupled with a solarenhanced.
Oceans act as incredibly large solar energy collectors, absorbing about 80% of the suns energy. Ocean thermal energy, ask latest information, ocean thermal energy abstract,ocean thermal energy report,ocean thermal energy presentation pdf,doc,ppt,ocean thermal energy technology discussion,ocean thermal energy paper presentation details,ocean thermal energy, ppt, pdf, report, presentation, source code, abstract, seminar, project idea, seminar topics. Otec or ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process which utilizes the heat energy stored in the tropical ocean. The suns heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, which creates the oceans naturally available temperature gradient, or thermal energy. Principle and preliminary calculation of ocean thermal energy. The difference in temperature between the surface and the lower water layer can be as large as 50. Warm seawater is taken in from the surface of the oceans and cold water from the deep at 5 o. Because the heat used in otec must be extracted from a low temperature difference, the resulting efficiency is low. Cost effective otec ocean thermal energy conversion. Energy and exergy analyses are reported of hydrogen production via an ocean thermal energy conversion otec system coupled with a solarenhanced proton exchange membrane pem electrolyzer. The major funding emphasis has been in otec because of its potential, state of development, and availability of the resource to u. Otec, or ocean thermal energy conversion, is an energy technology that converts solar radiation to electric power. Received 26 november 1992 accepted 27 january 1993 abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec has for many years been.
The energy production with otec is very constant, as the temperatures in the ocean hardly vary between day and night or even between the seasons. The wind fieldreturns some of the energy to the ocean inthe form of. Cavrot institute of marine studies, university of plymouth, plymouth, pl8 4aa, u. Closed cycle ocean thermal energy conversion systems use a working fluid with a low boiling point, ammonia for example, and use it to power a turbine to generate electricity. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable. Closed cycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec december 15, 2009 leave a comment go to comments darsonvals original concept used a working fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia, which is vaporized using the.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a baseload renewable energy source that uses the temperature difference between the warm surface ocean water and the cold deep ocean water to generate electricity. Apr 11, 2015 ocean thermal energy conversion systems 1. Otec energy could be transported via chemical, thermal, and electrochemical carriers. This is the first true closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant to be connected to a u. This means that every day, the oceans on our planet absorb solar energy equivalent to 250 billion barrels of oil, and if we could convert 0. The nasa glenn research center is developing the next generation of stirling radioisotope generators srgs to power deep space science. For at least a century, innovators have looked on wind, waves, tides, warm ocean waters, marine. View ocean thermal energy conversion research papers on academia. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. Radial core heat spreader to improve stirling radioisotope generator heat rejection.
Otec an attractive energy solution renewable energy a catalyst for economic growth wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, hydropower no single technology provides an ideal solution. Conversion act, public law pl 96320, later modified by pl 98623, and the ocean thermal energy conversion research, development, and demonstration act, pl 96310. Principle and preliminary calculation of ocean thermal. Ammonia will be used as the working fluid in this cycle. Ocean thermal energy conversion simple english wikipedia. Ocean thermal energy conversion by deliberate seawater salinization. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec indirectly converts solar energy into.
The potential geothermal waste heat, which exists in. Welcome to the okinawa prefecture deep sea water ocean thermal energy conversion otec demonstration facility. Jan 22, 2017 vishwakarma institute of technology, pune, b tech mechanical engineering 5 abstract otec, or ocean thermal energy conversion, is an energy technology that converts solar radiation to electric power. The warm seawater vaporizes the fluid in the heat exchanger which then turns the turbines of the. The 1992 report also provided estimates for landbased 1 mw open cycle plants with and without secondstage desalinated water production as well as a plant with a system including the use of 90 kgs of 6c cold seawater as the chiller fluid for a. Pdf geoocean thermal energy conversion geotec power. At hawaiis seacoast test facility, which was established as a joint project of the state of hawaii and doe, desalinated water was produced by using the opencycle process. Economics of ocean thermal energy conversion otec luis a. Pdf the ocean thermal energy conversion strategies and. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between the surface and deep layers to generate electricity. Otc 21016 economics of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Otec systems must be designed with regard to potential efficiency issues. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine.
Tive, otec power cycles operate as continuous heat engines driven by the. What is otec ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a marine renewable energy technology that harnesses the solar energy absorbed by the oceans to generate electric power. The working fluid in such a cycle will need to have a low boiling point. The stored thermal energy is completely renewable so that ocean thermal energy use will not reduced the stored energy quantity. At best only about 7 percent of the heat energy stored in the ocean can be converted into useful energy. Otec systems use the oceans natural thermal gradientthe fact that the oceans layers of water have different temperatures to drive a power. The governor of hawaii, david ige, flipped the switch to activate the plant.
Apr 15, 2020 welcome to the okinawa prefecture deep sea water ocean thermal energy conversion otec demonstration facility. Thermal efficiency is the percentage of heat which can be converted to useful work. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion systems use the oceans natural thermal gradient the fact that the oceans layers of water have different temperatures to drive a powerproducing cycle. The concept of otec was first proposed by french physicist in 1881.
Dec 15, 2009 closed cycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec december 15, 2009 leave a comment go to comments darsonvals original concept used a working fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia, which is vaporized using the heat extracted from the warm surface water. The potential geothermal waste heat, which exists in the form of raw hot natural gas is contin. Even though the concept is simple and old for almost one century, during last three decades, it has gained momentum due to worldwide search for a clean, continuous energy source to replace the fossil fuels. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec systems with capacities ranging. Welcome to presentation on seminar topicwelcome to presentation on seminar topic ocean thermal energy conversionocean thermal energy conversion otecotec govt. Abstract and full paper on ocean thermal energy conversion. Solar energy istransmitted through the atmosphere andefficiently collected and stored in thesurface layer of the ocean, largely in thetropical zone. The united states is developing four oceanenergy technologies which offer significant promise. Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec is the use of a high surface temperature of the water with the low temperature of the water at a certain depth thus creating a heat engine. This makes otec a very reliable source of energy that can be easily.
Ocean thermal energy conversion development update. An overview of ocean renewable energy ascension publishing. Received 26 november 1992 accepted 27 january 1993 abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that employs the natural temperature difference between the surface and the depths of the ocean. The sun shines on the oceans of the world and in the hot parts near the water at the seas surface can be quite warm, sometimes as high as 30c. Ocean thermal energy heat exchanger energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion makai ocean engineering. Otec an attractive energy solution renewable energy a catalyst for economic growth wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, hydropower no single technology provides an ideal solution otec advantages baseload power 24 hoursday, 365 days a year high operating capacity reliable and consistent. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec utilizes the thermal gradient available in the ocean to operate a heat engine to produce work output.
Installation of an ocean thermal energy conversion pilot plant otec off the caribbean coast of martinique is expected to use. Otec is applicable to most parts of the worlds deep oceans between 20 o. An ocean thermal energy conversion power plant built by makai ocean engineering went operational in hawaii in august 2015. Here youll find a collection of information on this historic project, as well as information on otec technology, news, and posts from facility staff. Ocean thermal energy conversion power plantocean thermal. Even though the concept is simple and old for almost one century, only recently it has gained momentum due to worldwide search for a clean continuous energy source to replace the fossil fuels. Abstract a new era in the technology of ocean thermal energy conversion otec, which is a system of converting thermal energy in ocean into electricity, has come now. Ocean thermal energy conversion research papers academia. Otec is applicable to most parts of the worlds deep oceans between 20 o north. The worlds oceans serve as a huge collector of heat energy.
Pichtr honolulu, hi abstract the vertical temperature distribution in the open ocean can be simplistically described as consisting of two layers separated by an interface. Process and technology status ocean thermal energy conversion. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion potential in developing member countries. Otec can operate with a very high capacity factor and so can operate in base load mode the denser cold water masses, formed by ocean surface water interaction. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a way of getting useful energy from the worlds oceans. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable energy. First introduced in 1881, otec has been described as an effective and renewable energy source. Revisit ocean thermal energy conversion system springerlink. Ocean thermal energy, ask latest information, ocean thermal energy abstract,ocean thermal energy report,ocean thermal energy presentation pdf,doc,ppt,ocean thermal energy technology discussion,ocean thermal energy paper presentation details,ocean thermal energy, ppt, pdf, report, presentation, source code, abstract, seminar, project idea, seminar topics, project, project topics,latest. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, form of energy conversion that makes use of the temperature differential between the warm surface waters of the oceans, heated by solar radiation, and the deeper cold waters to generate power in a conventional heat engine. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion. Download the seminar report for ocean thermal energy.
Geothermal energy, tidal energy, wave energy, and ocean thermal energy 597 geothermal resources should, in general, have three important characteristics, as shown in figure 11. Otec plants utilize the difference in temperature between warm surface sea water and cold deep sea water to produce electricity. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a form of solar energy that can produce electricity on a nonintermittent basis. For this process to work there must be at least a 20 degree celsius 36 degree fahrenheit difference between surface water and deep seawater. A proprietary ocean thermal energy conversion otec modeling tool, the makai. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion systems use the ocean s natural thermal gradient the fact that the ocean s layers of water have different temperatures to drive a powerproducing cycle. The upper layer is warmed by the sun and mixed to depths of about 100 m by wave motion. Ocean thermal energy conversion technology britannica.
The stored thermal energy in the top meter depth is more than two years of delivered solar energy, at 100 % conversion efficiency, the stored energy is sufficient for 10,000 years of human use. Assessment of ocean thermal energy conversion masters thesis, engineering and management, massachusetts institute of technology mit. Vishwakarma institute of technology, pune, b tech mechanical engineering 5 abstract otec, or ocean thermal energy conversion, is an energy technology that converts solar radiation to electric power. Otec plants pump large quantities of deep cold seawater and surface seawater to run a power cycle and produce electricity. Join us in exploring this exciting path into the future. Thermal energy conversion otec power plant technical and economic feasibility technical report,vol. A special feature of this technology is its capability to generate a stable supply of electricity around the clock. Ocean thermal energy conversion karen anne finney university of guelph, guelph, ontario, n1g 2w1, canada ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that employs the natural temperature difference between the surface and the depths of the ocean. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. A preliminary assessment of the competitiveness of ocean. Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a promising renewable energy technology to generate electricity and has other applications such as production of freshwater, seawater airconditioning, marine. Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion o tec utilizes the thermal gradient available in the ocean to operate a heat engine to produce work output.
Some of the energy isreemitted to the atmosphere to drive thehydrologic cycle and wind. Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a promising renewable energy technology to generate electricity and has other applications such as production of freshwater, seawater airconditioning, marine culture and chilledsoil agriculture. Earth science and technology, university of hawaii. The united states is developing four ocean energy technologies which offer significant promise. Otc 21016 economics of ocean thermal energy conversion. Optimization of ocean thermal energy conversion power. For complete classification of this act to the code, see short title note set out below and tables. The low energy conversion efrciency of otec means that more than 90% of the thermal energy extracted from the oceans surface is wasted and must be rejected to the cold, deep sea water. Ocean thermal energy conversion eliminates the heat collector, and provides steady power, but has practical issues and tends to be in distant locations. This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original this act, meaning pub.
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